X-linked hereditary nephritis / Alport syndrome / HN (COL4A5-related) - Samoyed

What does this test examine?

This genetic test analyses the COL4A5 variant c.3079G>T for X-linked hereditary nephritis in the Samoyed. The condition is also known as HN, X-linked hereditary nephritis, Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy, glomerulonephritis and Alport syndrome. The test determines whether the dog carries the tested X-linked COL4A5 variant.

What does this condition mean?

COL4A5 encodes a component of type IV collagen, which is important for the glomerular basement membrane in the kidney. Males with the affected genotype can develop proteinuria, progressive kidney damage and renal failure at a young age. Females carrying one copy can show variable expression, which makes carrier identification relevant for both breeding plans and health follow-up.

Inheritance and result

The condition is inherited as X-linked. A dog without the variant has G/G or G/Y. A female with G/T carries one copy of the variant. A dog with T/T or T/Y has the affected genotype; hemizygous males with T/Y are especially at risk of severe early kidney disease.

Practical value of this test

• helps breeders manage the COL4A5 variant in Samoyed lines
• identifies carrier females and at-risk males early
• supports mating plans and helps avoid combinations that can produce affected puppies
• gives owners and veterinarians clear information for targeted kidney monitoring in at-risk dogs