Pug dog encephalitis / NME risk factor (DLA-DPB1-related) - Pug

What does this test examine?

This DNA test analyses the DLA-DPB1-related CFA12:2605517delC marker in the Pug. The condition is known as Pug dog encephalitis, PDE, necrotizing meningoencephalitis and NME. The test reports a genetic risk factor, not a simple yes/no causal result.

What does this condition mean?

PDE/NME is a serious inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. In Pugs, it can involve seizures, circling, tremors, vision loss, disorientation, behavioural change and rapid neurological decline. The condition has a complex background involving immune regulation, DLA regions and additional genetic or non-genetic factors.

The tested marker lies in the DLA/MHC region on chromosome 12. Dogs with two copies have a clearly less favourable genetic risk profile than dogs without the marker. One copy can also be relevant for line management and family screening.

Inheritance and result

This test is interpreted as a multifactorial/polygenic risk profile.

• N/N - the tested risk variant was not detected.
• N/delC - one copy of the risk variant was detected.
• delC/delC - two copies were detected and indicate a clearly increased genetic risk.

Practical value of this test

The test is useful because PDE/NME can be severe and genetic risk information can be considered before breeding decisions are made.

• Helps breeders avoid higher-risk mating combinations.
• Adds context in lines with PDE/NME or neurological signs.
• Supports selection while respecting the complex nature of the condition.
• Improves communication about genetic risk when buying, selling or selecting breeding dogs.
• Helps owners respond more attentively to early neurological signs in susceptible lines.