Neuroaxonal dystrophy / juvenile NAD (TECPR2-related) - Spanish Water Dog

What does this test analyse?

This genetic test analyses the TECPR2 c.4009C>T variant for neuroaxonal dystrophy, also known as NAD / TECPR2-related juvenile NAD, in Spanish Water Dogs.

Neuroaxonal dystrophy is an inherited neurological disorder in which nerve pathways in the brain, spinal cord or peripheral nervous system become damaged. As a result, communication between nerve cells and muscles becomes progressively disrupted.

What does this condition mean?

In Spanish Water Dogs, this juvenile NAD form is characterised by neurological deficits, gait abnormalities, behavioural changes and progressive cognitive and motor decline. Signs usually begin at around 6 to 18 months.

Typical signs can include loss of coordination, ataxia, tremor, weakness, abnormal posture, toe dragging, behavioural changes, vision problems or a rapidly progressive neurological presentation. Some NAD forms start in very young puppies; other variants become visible later in life.

Inheritance and result

The trait is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. Clear dogs have two normal copies. Carriers have one copy of the tested variant and can pass it on. Dogs with two copies have the genotype that causes this form of NAD.

Practical value of this test

• The test helps breeders identify carriers before two carriers are combined.
• The result enables targeted breeding plans without automatically losing healthy carriers from valuable lines.
• For owners, the test gives clarity about genetic risk in a breed or line where NAD occurs.
• In young dogs with neurological signs, the result can support genetic interpretation.
• Variant status can be documented reliably in pedigrees, breeding advice and long-term selection.
• For severe or early-onset NAD forms, testing helps avoid unexpected affected puppies in future combinations.

For this breed, the test helps manage carriers before the variant spreads unnoticed through breeding lines.