Fecundity / litter size (GDF9-related) - Entlebucher Mountain Dog

What does this test analyse?

This genetic test analyses the GDF9 c.229C>T variant in the Entlebucher Mountain Dog. The trait is described as fecundity, fertility, average litter size or a genetic marker for reproductive performance.

GDF9 plays a role in oocyte development and maturation. In the Entlebucher Mountain Dog, a reduction in average litter size has been described, and the tested GDF9 marker explains part of the variation in this trait. This is not a classical single-gene disease, but a multifactorial reproductive trait in which genetics, line, age, management and other factors together shape the outcome.

Practical value of this test

The test gives breeders extra information to make litter-size expectations and breeding plans more realistic. A dog carrying the tested variant has an increased chance of smaller average litters. The result helps choose combinations more thoughtfully, place expected breeding value in context and make decisions about bitches, males and family lines with stronger genetic insight.

• C/C: the tested GDF9 variant was not detected.
• C/T: one copy of the variant is present and can influence average litter size.
• T/T: two copies are present; this result is a clear genetic factor within a multifactorial fecundity trait.