CLAD type I / Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (ITGB2-related) - Dog

What does this test detect?

This DNA test detects the ITGB2 variant c.107G>C that causes CLAD type I in dogs. The condition is also known as Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency type I, leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I or LAD.

What does this mean for the dog?

CLAD type I disrupts white blood cell function because CD18/beta-2 integrin activity is insufficient. Affected puppies may develop severe recurrent infections, umbilical inflammation, enlarged lymph nodes, poor wound healing, skin and bone infections, gingivitis, lameness and poor growth.

Inheritance and result

The trait is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder. A dog with one copy of the variant is a carrier and is usually clinically healthy, but can pass the variant on. Two copies cause CLAD type I.

Practical value of this test

• Breeders can identify carriers before breeding combinations are planned.
• The result helps avoid carrier-to-carrier matings and reduces the risk of affected puppies.
• For lines where CLAD type I is relevant, the test provides clear genetic information before clinical signs appear.