Amelogenesis imperfecta / FEH (ENAM-related) - Jack Russell / Parson Russell Terrier

What does this test examine?

This genetic test examines the ENAM c.716C>T variant in Jack Russell Terriers and Parson Russell Terriers. The condition is known as amelogenesis imperfecta, AI, familial enamel hypoplasia or FEH. This variant affects the formation and quality of dental enamel.

What does this mean for the dog?

Amelogenesis imperfecta disrupts enamel development in deciduous and permanent teeth. Affected dogs can develop thin, rough or irregular enamel, often with brown discoloration, pitting, faster wear and small or pointed teeth. As a result, the teeth are more vulnerable and dental care can become important from a young age.

Practical value of this test

• The test shows whether the dog is clear, a carrier or has two copies of the tested variant.
• Breeders can manage carriers deliberately and avoid pairings that may produce affected puppies.
• In young dogs, the result helps explain tooth changes genetically and supports a more informed breeding plan.

The condition is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Carriers have one copy of the variant and pass it to some offspring; dogs with two copies develop the genetic presentation of ENAM-related amelogenesis imperfecta.